E-Governance (BSc CSIT, CSC366): the questions likely to come
29 analyzed questions from 7 past papers (2074-2081), grouped by syllabus unit — each with its probability, how often it's been asked, and where to study the answer.
Define e-governance business models. Explain the wider dissemination model and the critical flow model of e-governance with examples.
E-Governance Business Models
Definition
E-governance business models are conceptual frameworks that describe how government uses ICT to share information, deliver services and interact with citizens. They define the flow of information and the relationship between government and the public. The five common models (Bhatnagar's models) are: Broadcasting/Wider-Dissemination, Critical-Flow, Comparative-Analysis, E-Advocacy/Mobilization, and Interactive-Service models.
1. Wider Dissemination (Broadcasting) Model
This model is based on broadcasting useful government information into the public domain through ICT so that citizens become better informed. Information flows mainly one way, from government to citizen.
- Purpose: make government data, laws, rules, decisions and entitlements publicly available, improving transparency and reducing citizens' dependence on intermediaries.
- Examples: government websites publishing acts, regulations, budgets, tender notices, exam results, and forms; the official portal publishing citizen-charter and office contact details.
2. Critical Flow Model
This model is based on channeling specific, critical information to a targeted audience (media, civil society, opposition, affected groups) at the right time, often to expose corruption or hold institutions accountable.
- Purpose: the value of information lies in its targeted delivery — information that is critical to a particular group is moved to that group when it matters most.
- Examples: publishing details of corruption cases, pollution levels of factories to nearby communities, performance records of officials, or status of public-fund utilization to watchdog groups and journalists.
Comparison
| Feature | Wider Dissemination | Critical Flow |
|---|---|---|
| Audience | General public | Targeted/specific group |
| Information | Broad, general | Specific, critical |
| Goal | Awareness, transparency | Accountability, exposure |
| Flow | One-to-many broadcast | Channeled to who needs it |
Conclusion
The wider-dissemination model widens access to general public information, whereas the critical-flow model strategically routes sensitive information to specific stakeholders to promote accountability and good governance.
Introduction to E-Governance
Define e-governance business models. Explain the wider dissemination model and the critical flow model of e-governance with examples.
Explain the comparative analysis model and the mobilization and lobbying model of e-governance with suitable examples.
Explain the evolution and stages of e-governance. Differentiate between G2C, G2B and G2G interactions with examples.
List and explain the different benefits of using e-governance.
How can good governance be achieved through e-governance models?
Differentiate between e-government and e-governance.
Explain the concept of digital divide and its impact on e-governance.
Explain the interactive service model of e-governance.
Explain G2E (Government to Employee) interaction with an example.
Explain the challenges of e-governance in rural areas.
Sit a probable paper
A full mock exam built from the most likely questions, mirroring the real paper's structure. Every slot is a real past question.
Most Probable Paper
Mirrors the real structure · 60 marks · based on 7 past papers
- 1.[10 marks]
Define e-governance business models. Explain the wider dissemination model and the critical flow model of e-governance with examples.
This question has recurred in 3 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 2.[10 marks]
Explain the comparative analysis model and the mobilization and lobbying model of e-governance with suitable examples.
This question has recurred in 2 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 3.[10 marks]
Explain the evolution and stages of e-governance. Differentiate between G2C, G2B and G2G interactions with examples.
This question has recurred in 2 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 1.[5 marks]
List and explain the different benefits of using e-governance.
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 2.[5 marks]
How can good governance be achieved through e-governance models?
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 3.[5 marks]
Differentiate between e-government and e-governance.
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 4.[5 marks]
Explain the concept of digital divide and its impact on e-governance.
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 5.[5 marks]
Explain the interactive service model of e-governance.
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to E-Governance) appears in 100% of years.
- 6.[5 marks]
What is e-readiness? Explain human infrastructure preparedness for e-governance.
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (E-Governance Infrastructure and Architecture) appears in 100% of years.
- 7.[5 marks]
What is a data centre? Why is it important for e-governance?
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (E-Governance Infrastructure and Architecture) appears in 100% of years.
- 8.[5 marks]
What are the components of e-governance infrastructure?
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (E-Governance Infrastructure and Architecture) appears in 100% of years.
- 9.[5 marks]
Explain online service delivery with examples.
This question has recurred in 4 of 7 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (E-Governance Applications and Service Delivery) appears in 100% of years.
Behind the numbers
The raw evidence the predictions are computed from: marks per unit per year, syllabus weights, trends, and coverage.
Show the heatmap, topic table and coverage analysis
The receipt: marks per unit, per year
Each row is a syllabus unit, each column an exam year, each cell the marks that unit earned that year. Click any cell to see the actual questions behind it.
| # | Syllabus unit | Probability | Appeared | Avg marks | Syllabus weight | Exam vs syllabus | Trend | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | U1Introduction to E-Governance | Very likely100% | 28.6 | 16%7 lecture hrs | Over-examinedexam 38% · syllabus 16% | Steady | 10 recurring10 total | |
| 2 | U2E-Governance Infrastructure and Architecture | Very likely100% | 16.4 | 18%8 lecture hrs | Balancedexam 22% · syllabus 18% | Fading | 6 recurring6 total | |
| 3 | U4Data Management, Security and Legal Framework | Very likely100% | 15 | 18%8 lecture hrs | Balancedexam 20% · syllabus 18% | Steady | 6 recurring6 total | |
| 4 | U5E-Governance Applications and Service Delivery | Very likely100% | 5 | 18%8 lecture hrs | Under-examinedexam 7% · syllabus 18% | Steady | 2 recurring2 total | |
| 5 | U3E-Governance Models, Frameworks and Implementation | Likely57% | 15 | 18%8 lecture hrs | Under-examinedexam 11% · syllabus 18% | Rising | 3 recurring4 total | |
| 6 | U6E-Governance in Nepal and Case Studies | Occasional14% | 10 | 13%6 lecture hrs | Under-examinedexam 2% · syllabus 13% | Steady | none repeat1 total |
Study smart, not hard
Drag the slider: studying the top 3 units in priority order covers ~80% of all observed marks.
- ~80% line
Lecture time vs exam marks
Where the exam pays more than the curriculum spends: ● lectures vs ● exam marks, as a share of the whole course. A long teal-leading bar = high-yield unit.