Principles of Management (BSc CSIT, MGT411): the questions likely to come
90 analyzed questions from 8 past papers (2074-2082), grouped by syllabus unit — each with its probability, how often it's been asked, and where to study the answer.
State and explain the internal components of business environment.
Business Environment
The business environment is the sum total of all internal and external forces that affect the functioning and performance of a business. The internal environment consists of the forces and conditions within the organization that management can largely control and that directly influence day-to-day operations and decisions.
Internal Components of Business Environment
1. Owners / Shareholders
The people who have invested capital and own the business. They set the mission, vision, and broad objectives, appoint top management, and influence major policy decisions. Their expectations regarding profit and growth shape strategy.
2. Mission, Vision, and Objectives
The organization's purpose and goals form its sense of direction. They guide planning and decision-making and set the standards against which performance is measured.
3. Management / Board of Directors
The leadership and decision-making body responsible for formulating policies, allocating resources, and directing operations. The quality, style, and values of management strongly affect organizational performance.
4. Employees / Human Resources
The workforce—their skills, attitudes, motivation, morale, and productivity. Competent and committed employees are a key source of competitive advantage; labour relations and HR practices fall here.
5. Organizational Structure and Culture
- Structure defines authority, responsibility, and reporting relationships (departments, chain of command, span of control).
- Culture is the shared values, beliefs, norms, and ways of working that influence employee behaviour and decision-making.
6. Physical and Financial Resources
The plant, machinery, technology, raw materials, capital, and finance available to the organization. The adequacy and quality of these resources determine operational capability.
7. Internal Relationships / Labour Unions
Relationships among management, employees, and trade unions, and the systems of communication and coordination that bind the organization together.
Conclusion
Unlike external forces, internal components are controllable by management. Strong owners, capable management, motivated employees, sound structure and culture, and adequate resources together build the internal strength a business needs to respond to its external environment.
Environment of Management and Planning
State and explain the internal components of business environment.
Introduce planning. Describe the process of planning.
What is planning? Distinguish between strategic, tactical, and operational planning, and explain the planning process in detail.
What is the environmental context of management? Explain the components of the external environment and their impact on organizations.
Define planning. Explain the importance of planning and discuss the steps involved in the planning process with examples.
What is decision making? Explain the types of decisions and discuss the techniques of decision making under certainty, risk, and uncertainty.
State and explain the problems of goal formulation.
Describe the various types of decisions.
Mention the main factors of technological environment.
What is planning? Explain the planning process and discuss the different types of plans used in organizations.
What is the difference between a policy and a procedure?
Explain the socio-cultural environment of business.
Differentiate between tactical and contingency planning.
Differentiate between programmed and non-programmed decisions.
What is the economic environment of business?
What is MBO (Management by Objectives)?
Explain the political-legal environment of business.
Differentiate between mission and objectives.
Differentiate between strategic and operational planning.
What is the external environment of business?
What is decision making? Explain the steps of the decision-making process.
Write short notes on the management environment.
Sit a probable paper
A full mock exam built from the most likely questions, mirroring the real paper's structure. Every slot is a real past question.
Most Probable Paper
Mirrors the real structure · 60 marks · based on 8 past papers
- 1.[10 marks]
State and explain the internal components of business environment.
This question has recurred in 2 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Environment of Management and Planning) appears in 100% of years.
- 2.[10 marks]
Introduce planning. Describe the process of planning.
Asked once (2082); so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Environment of Management and Planning) appears in 100% of years.
- 3.[10 marks]
What is planning? Distinguish between strategic, tactical, and operational planning, and explain the planning process in detail.
Asked once (2081); so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Environment of Management and Planning) appears in 100% of years.
- 1.[5 marks]
Highlight the principles of organization.
This question has recurred in 3 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Organizing) appears in 100% of years.
- 2.[5 marks]
Briefly describe about system theory of management.
This question has recurred in 2 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to Management) appears in 100% of years.
- 3.[5 marks]
What are the principles of scientific management?
This question has recurred in 2 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Introduction to Management) appears in 100% of years.
- 4.[5 marks]
State and explain barriers of effective communication.
This question has recurred in 2 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Leading / Directing) appears in 100% of years.
- 5.[5 marks]
Distinguish between centralization and decentralization of authority.
This question has recurred in 2 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Organizing) appears in 100% of years.
- 6.[5 marks]
Write short notes on the management scenario in Nepal.
This question has recurred in 2 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Controlling and Emerging Issues in Management) appears in 100% of years.
- 7.[5 marks]
List and explain the steps of the control process.
This question has recurred in 2 of 8 years; so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Controlling and Emerging Issues in Management) appears in 100% of years.
- 8.[5 marks]
State and explain the problems of goal formulation.
Asked once (2082); so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Environment of Management and Planning) appears in 100% of years.
- 9.[5 marks]
Describe the various types of decisions.
Asked once (2082); so far only in internal assessments, not the board; and its topic (Environment of Management and Planning) appears in 100% of years.
Behind the numbers
The raw evidence the predictions are computed from: marks per unit per year, syllabus weights, trends, and coverage.
Show the heatmap, topic table and coverage analysis
The receipt: marks per unit, per year
Each row is a syllabus unit, each column an exam year, each cell the marks that unit earned that year. Click any cell to see the actual questions behind it.
| # | Syllabus unit | Probability | Appeared | Avg marks | Syllabus weight | Exam vs syllabus | Trend | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | U2Environment of Management and Planning | Very likely100% | 18.8 | 20%9 lecture hrs | Balancedexam 24% · syllabus 20% | Rising | 1 recurring22 total | |
| 2 | U1Introduction to Management | Very likely100% | 18.1 | 20%9 lecture hrs | Balancedexam 23% · syllabus 20% | Steady | 2 recurring20 total | |
| 3 | U4Leading / Directing | Very likely100% | 16.9 | 20%9 lecture hrs | Balancedexam 22% · syllabus 20% | Steady | 1 recurring19 total | |
| 4 | U3Organizing | Very likely100% | 11.9 | 20%9 lecture hrs | Balancedexam 15% · syllabus 20% | Steady | 2 recurring13 total | |
| 5 | U5Controlling and Emerging Issues in Management | Very likely100% | 11.9 | 20%9 lecture hrs | Balancedexam 15% · syllabus 20% | Rising | 2 recurring16 total |
Study smart, not hard
Drag the slider: studying the top 4 units in priority order covers ~85% of all observed marks.
- ~80% line
Lecture time vs exam marks
Where the exam pays more than the curriculum spends: ● lectures vs ● exam marks, as a share of the whole course. A long teal-leading bar = high-yield unit.