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A

Group 'A'

Give very short answers to the following questions. (11 × 1 = 11)

11 questions·1 marks each
1short1 marks

Identify any two environmental factors that affecting population growth in Nepal.

population-growthnepal
2short1 marks

Write any two examples of K selected populations.

population-ecologyk-selection
3short1 marks

Mention any two mineral resources found in Nepal.

mineral-resourcesnepal
4short1 marks

Define subtropical forest.

forestsubtropical-forest
5short1 marks

Which method of conservation would you suggest to conserve the species which are about to extinct in the wild?

conservationendangered-species
6short1 marks

Suggest any one way to minimize energy pressure in your locality.

energy-conservation
7short1 marks

Write any one importance of hunting reserve.

hunting-reserveconservation
8short1 marks

Define hazard.

hazarddisaster
9short1 marks

Write anyone effect of soil erosion.

soil-erosion
10short1 marks

Mention the WHO standard of Arsenic in drinking water.

water-qualityarsenicwho-standard
11short1 marks

If the pH value of soil in a locality is below 7, which two species of vegetation are the farmers supposed to cultivate?

soil-phagriculture
B

Group 'B'

Give short answer to the following questions (8 × 5 = 40)

9 questions·5 marks each
12short5 marks

Describe Earth as a closed system.

earth-systemclosed-system
13short5 marks

How do you explain positive, negative and neutral interaction between the species?

species-interactionecology
14short5 marks

Explain the eco-centric and anthropocentric perspective of resource management with examples.

resource-managementecocentricanthropocentric
15ashort marks

Write short notes on:

a. Rara National Park

rara-national-parkprotected-areas
15bshort marks

Write short notes on:

b. Annapurna conservation area

annapurna-conservation-areaprotected-areas
16short5 marks

Identify and explain the consequences of air pollution on human being and organisms.

air-pollutionhealth-effects
17short5 marks

Describe disaster risk management cycle.

disaster-managementrisk-cycle
18short5 marks

Analyse how individualization and urbanization affect sustainable agriculture.

sustainable-agricultureurbanization
19short5 marks

Enlist different chemicals found in the environment. Explain how the knowledge on such chemicals help to reduce industrial pollution?

environmental-chemicalsindustrial-pollution
C

Group 'C'

Give long answer to the following questions. (3 × 8 = 24)

3 questions·8 marks each
20long8 marks

Explain and relate the structural and functional aspects of ecosystem with suitable examples. (4+4)

ecosystemstructure-function
21long8 marks

Describe environmental degradation. Analyze various causes of environmental degradation. (3+5)

environmental-degradationcauses
22long8 marks

There is a pond in your locality, if you need to analyze the water quality, what kind of instruments and parameters you prefer. Give logics.

water-qualitymonitoring-parameters