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A

Section A: Long Answer Questions

Attempt any TWO questions.

3 questions·10 marks each
1long10 marks

What is backtracking and how does it differ from recursion? Solve the 4-Queens problem using backtracking and analyze its time complexity.

backtrackingn-queen
2long10 marks

Define minimum spanning tree. Write Kruskal's algorithm to find the MST of a connected weighted graph, illustrate it with an example and analyze its complexity.

graphmst
3long10 marks

Define asymptotic notations (Big-O, Big-Omega, Big-Theta). State the master theorem and use it to solve the recurrences T(n)=3T(n/2)+n and T(n)=2T(n/4)+sqrt(n).

asymptoticrecurrence
B

Section B: Short Answer Questions

Attempt any EIGHT questions.

9 questions·5 marks each
4short5 marks

Explain heap sort algorithm with an example and analyze its time complexity.

sortingheap
5short5 marks

Explain how the subset-sum problem is solved using backtracking with an example.

backtrackingsubset-sum
6short5 marks

What are approximation algorithms? Explain the approximation algorithm for the vertex cover problem.

approximation
7short5 marks

Explain the branch and bound technique. How is it used to solve the travelling salesman problem?

branch-and-bound
8short5 marks

Differentiate between Breadth First Search (BFS) and Depth First Search (DFS) with examples and their time complexities.

graphbfs-dfs
9short5 marks

Solve the recurrence relation T(n) = 2T(n/2) + n using the substitution method and the recursion tree method.

recurrencesubstitution
10short5 marks

Explain the job sequencing with deadlines problem and solve it using the greedy approach for a given set of jobs.

greedyjob-scheduling
11short5 marks

Explain the naive string matching algorithm and the Rabin-Karp algorithm with their time complexities.

string-matching
12short5 marks

Write an algorithm for binary search using divide and conquer. Analyze its best-case, worst-case and average-case time complexity.

binary-search