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A

Section A: Long Answer Questions

Attempt any TWO questions.

3 questions·10 marks each
1long10 marks

Explain the RSA algorithm. Show how encryption and decryption are performed. Choose two primes p=7 and q=11, compute the public and private key pairs and encrypt the message M=8.

rsa
2long10 marks

Explain the structure of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm with a block diagram. Describe a single round of DES including the function F.

des
3long10 marks

Explain the structure of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. Describe the four transformations: SubBytes, ShiftRows, MixColumns and AddRoundKey with examples.

aes
B

Section B: Short Answer Questions

Attempt any EIGHT questions.

9 questions·5 marks each
4short5 marks

Explain the goals of security: confidentiality, integrity and availability. List the different types of security attacks.

security-services
5short5 marks

Differentiate between symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography with examples.

symmetric-asymmetric
6short5 marks

Explain the Caesar cipher and the mono-alphabetic substitution cipher with examples of their cryptanalysis.

caesar-cipher
7short5 marks

Explain modular arithmetic and Euler's totient function. Compute phi(35) and phi(24).

modular-arithmetic
8short5 marks

Explain the ElGamal cryptographic system for encryption and decryption.

elgamal
9short5 marks

Differentiate between block ciphers and stream ciphers. Explain the different modes of operation of block ciphers.

block-stream
10short5 marks

What is a Message Authentication Code (MAC)? Explain how HMAC works.

mac
11short5 marks

Explain key management and key distribution in symmetric cryptography.

key-management
12short5 marks

State and explain Fermat's little theorem and Euler's theorem with examples.

fermat-euler