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A

Section A: Long Answer Questions

Attempt any TWO questions.

3 questions·10 marks each
1long10 marks

What is TCP? Explain the TCP segment structure and the three-way handshake mechanism for connection establishment and termination.

tcptransport-layer
2long10 marks

Explain the various error detection and correction techniques used in the data link layer, including CRC and Hamming code with examples.

error-detectiondata-link-layer
3long10 marks

Describe the medium access control sub-layer. Explain the CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA protocols with their working principles.

maccsma
B

Section B: Short Answer Questions

Attempt any EIGHT questions.

9 questions·5 marks each
4short5 marks

Explain CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) with an example.

cidrip-addressing
5short5 marks

Differentiate between a hub, a switch, and a router.

network-devices
6short5 marks

What is ARP? Explain how ARP resolves a logical address to a physical address.

arpnetwork-layer
7short5 marks

Explain the working of the HTTP protocol.

httpapplication-layer
8short5 marks

What is NAT? Explain its types and uses.

nat
9short5 marks

Explain the FTP protocol and its working.

ftpapplication-layer
10short5 marks

What is the purpose of ICMP? List some common ICMP message types.

icmp
11short5 marks

Differentiate between symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography.

network-securitycryptography
12short5 marks

Explain the concept of port numbers and socket addresses.

transport-layer