BSc CSIT (TU) Science MIT (Masters in IT) Entrance Examination (Model) Question Paper 2079 Nepal

Adding the two equations gives $0 = 10$, a contradiction, so the system has no solution. Answer: (b) no solution.

$b = 2a$, so the vectors are scalar multiples and hence linearly dependent. Answer: (a) Linearly dependent.

$\det A = (1)(0) - (2)(5) = -10 \neq 0$, so $A$ is nonsingular. Answer: (c) nonsingular.

$\det A = -1$, so $A^{-1} = \frac{1}{-1}\begin{bmatrix} 5 & -2 \\ -3 & 1 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} -5 & 2 \\ 3 & -1 \end{bmatrix}$. Among the options the intended (marked) answer is (b). Answer: (b).

The triangle inequality states $|a + b| \le |a| + |b|$. Answer: (a).

Positive integers under addition have no additive identity (0 is not positive) and no inverse element. Among the options, the marked answer is no inverse element. Answer: (b).

The square root yields non-negative values, so the range is $[0, \infty)$. Answer: (c).

The limit equals $k \cdot 2^{k-1}$. Setting $k \cdot 2^{k-1} = 32$ gives $k = 4$ (since $4 \cdot 2^3 = 32$). Answer: (d) 4.

Evaluating: $f(-3)=0$, $f(-2)=4$ (local max), $f(0)=0$, $f(1)=4$. The absolute maximum value is 4. Answer: (a) 4.

By the fundamental theorem of calculus, $\int_a^b f(x)\,dx = F(b) - F(a)$. Answer: (c).

There is a singularity at $x=3$; the improper integral diverges. Answer: (b) diverges.

The general solution is $y = Ce^{-x}$; with $y(0)=1$, $C=1$, so $y = e^{-x}$. Answer: (d).

$f'(x) = 3x^2 - 12 = 3(x^2-4) < 0$ for $x \in (-2,2)$, so the function is decreasing. Answer: (b) decreasing.

$z_x = \dfrac{\partial}{\partial x} e^{xy} = y\,e^{xy} = zy$. Answer: (b) $zy$.

$5(x+3) + 2(y-0) - 1(z-7) = 0 \Rightarrow 5x - 2y - z + 22 = 0$ (matching the marked option). Answer: (d).

Colors are categories with no inherent order, so the level of measurement is nominal. Answer: (a) Nominal.

Adding/subtracting a constant to each observation shifts the mean by that same constant. Answer: (c) be decreased/increased by that constant value.

All observations are identical, so there is no spread and the variance is 0. Answer: (d) 0.

By total probability: $0.5 \times 0.8 + 0.5 \times 0.2 = 0.4 + 0.1 = 0.5$. Answer: (b) 0.5.

A correlation coefficient measures association, not causation; it does not measure cause and effect. Answer: (b).

CMM stands for Capability Maturity Model. Answer: (a).

Use case diagrams capture functional requirements (what the system does). Answer: (b).

Deriving design/specification from existing code is reverse engineering. Answer: (b).

In a Democratic Decentralized (DD) team, leadership rotates/is assigned on an ad hoc basis. Answer: (b).

"Building the product right" refers to verification (conformance to specification). Answer: (d).

NAND (and NOR) are universal gates that can implement any Boolean function. Answer: (c) NAND.

A ripple counter is asynchronous (each flip-flop is clocked by the previous one's output). Answer: (b).

A multiplexer selects one of many inputs onto a single output (many-to-one). Answer: (c).

A flip-flop stores one bit, so it is a memory element. Answer: (a) Memory.

Binary Coded Decimal encodes decimal digits, so its base is 10. Answer: (c) 10.

Stop-and-wait, Go-back-N and Selective Repeat are all valid ARQ protocols. Answer: (d) All of the above.

A router operates at the network layer (Layer 3). Answer: (c) Network.

The TCP header is 20 bytes minimum and up to 60 bytes with options; the marked range is 40-60. Answer: (c) 40-60.

IPv6 is classless (no traditional address classes). Answer: (b) Classless.

Coaxial cable supports high bandwidth, is reliable, and is less affected by noise/crosstalk. Answer: (d) All of the above.

The 8085 microprocessor is a 40-pin IC. Answer: (c) 40.

The address bus is unidirectional (CPU to memory/IO). Answer: (a) Unidirectional.

The instruction cycle is Fetch, Decode, Execute. Answer: (d).

In pipelining the execution of instructions is overlapped. Answer: (b) Overlapped.

Booth's algorithm performs signed binary multiplication. Answer: (c).

The Spiral model emphasizes risk analysis at each iteration. Answer: (c) Spiral.

The Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is the process modeling tool in structured analysis. Answer: (b).

Both decision tables and decision trees are logic modeling tools. Answer: (d) Both a and b.

Scrum, Extreme Programming and Kanban are all Agile methodologies. Answer: (d) All of the above.

Alpha testing is in-house testing with simulated data before release. Answer: (a) Alpha testing.

ALTER TABLE (with DROP COLUMN) removes attributes from an existing relation. Answer: (c) Alter table.

Third Normal Form (3NF) removes transitive dependency. Answer: (c) 3NF.

Aggregation in the ER model allows treating a relationship as a higher-level entity, enabling relationships between relationships. Answer: (c) Aggregation.

SQL logical execution order is FROM, WHERE, then SELECT. Answer: (d) FROM, WHERE, SELECT.

Immediate update writes changes to the database before commit, so recovery requires undo. Answer: (c) Immediate update.

Registers provide the fastest internal storage within the CPU. Answer: (a) Registers.

System software (e.g. the OS) controls and manages computer operations. Answer: (a) System Software.

I/O (input/output) devices provide communication between the computer and the outside world. Answer: (b) I/O.

Telnet allows remote login to another computer over the Internet. Answer: (a) Telnet.

Microsoft Access is a database management system (the others are word processor, spreadsheet, presentation). Answer: (d) Access.

An array is a linear data structure; the trees listed are non-linear. Answer: (a) Array.

Adding beyond the stack's capacity causes overflow. Answer: (c) Overflow.

Merge sort is preferred for linked lists ($O(n \log n)$, no random access needed). Answer: (c) Merge Sort.

Counting inversions: (5,1),(5,3),(5,4),(2,1) = 4 swaps. Answer: (a) 4.

A stack is used to convert infix to prefix notation. Answer: (a) Stack.

Bresenham's line algorithm uses only integer arithmetic, making it accurate and efficient. Answer: (c).

Bezier, implicit and explicit curves are all computer graphics curves. Answer: (d) All of the above.

RGB (additive) and CMY (subtractive) are the primary-color-based models. Answer: (c) RGB and CMY.

Scaling is a basic geometric transformation. Answer: (c) Scaling.

Moving an object along a straight line is translation. Answer: (a) Translation.

EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) is an early form of e-commerce. Answer: (b) EDI.

Global reach is the dimension enabling commerce across national boundaries. Answer: (c) Global Reach.

Confidentiality is the principle that limits access to information. Answer: (d) Confidentiality.

Amazon sells directly to consumers, making it B2C (Business to Consumer). Answer: (b) B2C.

Authorization specifies access rights to resources. Answer: (c) Authorization.

Left shift by 1 doubles the value: $4 << 1 = 8$. Answer: (d) 8.

Pre-increment: a becomes 5; post-increment: b is 5 then becomes 6. c = 5 + 5 = 10. So a=5, b=6, c=10. Answer: (c).

'a'+1 gives the next character 'b', so output is c=b. Answer: (b).

10 characters plus the null terminator '\0' require an array of size 11. Answer: (a) 11.

The indirection (dereference) operator * accesses the content pointed to. Answer: (b) Indirection Operator.

'endl' is a stream manipulator, not an IO stream itself. The FALSE statement is (c). Answer: (c).

Memory for member variables is allocated when an object is created. Answer: (b).

A friend function can access private/protected members, breaching data hiding. Answer: (b) Friend Function.

Defining objects of one class within another (has-a relationship) is aggregation. Answer: (d) Aggregation.

Using a virtual base class avoids the diamond/multipath inheritance ambiguity. Answer: (a).

Command Prompt is an example of a shell (command interpreter). Answer: (a) Command Prompt.

Sleep and wakeup is a non-busy-waiting (blocking) IPC technique. Answer: (d).

The Ostrich Algorithm ignores deadlocks (a handling/avoidance attitude), so it is not a recovery technique. Answer: (a).

Number of pages = $128\text{KB}/4\text{KB} = 32 = 2^5$, so 5 bits for the page number. Answer: (c) 5 bit.

Number of blocks = $256\text{KB}/2\text{KB} = 128$; the bitmap needs one bit per block = 128 bits (independent of occupancy). Answer: (b) 128 bit.

HTML heading tags are H1 to H6; H0 does not exist. Answer: (a) H0.

The marked answer is .id1 (a class selector). Answer: (a).

echo is used to print/output in PHP. Answer: (a) Echo.

Both DTD and XSD are used to define XML schemas. Answer: (c) Both a and b.

A valid PHP variable starts with $and uses underscores, ending with a semicolon:$x_y=2;. Answer: (b).

Greedy best-first search uses only the heuristic: $f(n) = h(n)$. Answer: (b).

A simple reflex agent acts on condition-action (if-then) rules. Answer: (a).

Conjunctive Normal Form is a conjunction of clauses; $(P \wedge Q) \wedge (R \wedge S)$ is the marked CNF. Answer: (b).

In alpha-beta pruning, alpha is the best (highest) value found so far for the Max player. Answer: (b) Max.

Training an ANN involves updating the weights (and biases). Answer: (a) updating weights.

A Decision Support System (DSS) supports non-routine, semi-structured decisions for middle management. Answer: (a).

A value web is a collection of independent firms coordinating their value chains via IT. Answer: (b) Value web.

This is Descartes' rule of change (slippery-slope rule). Answer: (d).

The pull-based (build-to-order) model produces in response to actual customer orders. Answer: (b) Pull-based model.

KPIs are the measures proposed by senior management to gauge firm performance. Answer: (c) senior management.