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A

Section A: Long Answer Questions

Attempt all / any as specified.

4 questions
1long12 marks

(a) Compare the Waterfall model and the Spiral model of software development with respect to risk handling, customer involvement, and suitability for large-scale projects. (8)

(b) For a project where requirements are expected to evolve significantly and the customer wants to see working software early and frequently, recommend a suitable process model and justify your choice. (4)

software-process-models
2long12 marks

Consider a Library Management System for a university that must support member registration, book issue/return, fine calculation, and online catalogue search.

(a) Identify the major functional and non-functional requirements of this system. (5)

(b) Draw a Context-level (Level-0) Data Flow Diagram and a Level-1 DFD for the book issue and return process. (7)

requirement-engineeringsystem-analysis-and-design
3long12 marks

(a) Explain the layered (n-tier) software architecture style. Discuss its advantages and limitations, and give one application domain where it is appropriate. (7)

(b) Differentiate between black-box testing and white-box testing. For a function that computes the grade of a student from a numeric score (0-100), design black-box test cases using equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis. (5)

software-architecturetesting-strategies
4long12 marks

(a) Describe the three modes of the Basic COCOMO model (organic, semi-detached, embedded) and state the conditions under which each is applicable. (4)

(b) A software project is estimated to have 40 KLOC of delivered source code and is classified as an organic project. Using Basic COCOMO (E = a(KLOC)^b person-months, D = c(E)^d months with a=2.4, b=1.05, c=2.5, d=0.38), compute the estimated effort, development time, and average staffing required. (8)

project-planning-estimation-cocomo
B

Section B: Short Answer Questions

Attempt all / any as specified.

8 questions
5short6 marks

What is a Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document? List and briefly explain the desirable characteristics of a good SRS as per IEEE 830.

requirement-engineering
6short6 marks

Define Software Configuration Management (SCM). Explain the role of baselines and version control in managing changes to software work products throughout the project life cycle.

configuration-management
7short6 marks

Differentiate between verification and validation. Explain the V-model of software testing and how it relates each testing level to a corresponding development phase.

testing-strategies
8short6 marks

What is software maintenance? Explain the four types of maintenance (corrective, adaptive, perfective, and preventive) with a suitable example of each.

quality-assurance-maintenance
9short6 marks

Explain coupling and cohesion as measures of software design quality. Why is a design with low coupling and high cohesion considered desirable? Give examples of one type of coupling and one type of cohesion.

software-architecturesystem-analysis-and-design
10short6 marks

Draw and explain a Gantt chart and a network (PERT/CPM) diagram as project scheduling tools. State one advantage of each in monitoring software project progress.

project-planning-estimation-cocomo
11short6 marks

Explain the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). Briefly describe its five maturity levels and how they help an organization improve its software process.

quality-assurance-maintenance
12short4 marks

Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (a) Use-case diagram (b) Requirement elicitation techniques (c) Feasibility study

requirement-engineeringsystem-analysis-and-design